A centralized computer control system is a computer control system that implements time-sharing control for multiple loops using the direct digital control (DDC) method. It can achieve high-level centralized control, but when the main control computer fails, it will lead to global paralysis. It has now been replaced by distributed control systems (DCS) and has further developed towards fieldbus control systems (FCS) [1-2] [7].
This concept originated in the early days of digital computers in the 1950s. In 1959, the DeSoto Company in the United States was the first to conduct industrial computer monitoring application tests. In 1962, the British Empire Chemical Industry proposed direct digital control technology, achieving closed-loop digital control by using a single computer to replace multiple analog regulators. With the development of microprocessor technology, the centralized computer control system, which was originally at a crossroads, absorbed microprocessor technology and gave birth to the microcomputer distributed system [5]. In 1975, Honeywell Company launched the first distributed control system TDC-2000, which solved the safety hazards of centralized control through a decentralized control structure [1-2]. The DDC system has been applied in industrial automation, building automation, etc., and has further developed towards intelligent and networked directions with the development of Internet of Things and cloud computing technologies [4].